Minerals and Vitamins Contents of Cakes Enriched with Almonds Powder of Terminalia catappa of Côte D’ivoire

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study is to contribute to a better valorization of Terminalia catappa by the determination of minerals and vitamins of cakes enriched with the powders of almonds of Terminalia catappa, also evaluate the nutritional contributions of their consumption. Study Design: Six cakes (five cakes enriched and one cake no enriched) were prepared, the nutrients of the cake formulations obtained using the composite central plane and a cake control was determined. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Biochemistry department of Biosciences Unit, Félix Houphouet-Boigny University, between October and December 2015. Methodology: The analysis of the 6 cakes consisted of the determination of their minerals and vitamins contents. Also their estimated the Ivorian daily intake. Results: Analysis of the essential minerals gave the contents between those of the control cake and the cake 4, which are the following: Calcium (65.97 ± 0.01 - 76.58 ± 0.01 mg / 100g), sodium (40.00 ± 0.02 - 42 ± 0.01 mg / 100g) potassium (532.3 ± 0.10 - 616.2 ± 0.01 (mg / 100g), phosphorus (512.8 ± 0.10 - 548.1 ± 0.01 mg / 100g), magnesium (143.69 ± 0.01 - 156.93 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g), iron (4.22 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g and 4.7 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g), zinc (3.58 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g and 4,00 ± 0,02 mg/100 g, Manganese (5.10 ± 0.01 - 10.21 ± 0.02 mg / 100g), sulfur (45.8 ± 0.02 and 52.81 ± 0.2, 02 mg / 100 g) and copper (9.7 ± 0.01 14.21 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g) and Selenium(14,82±0.01 and 12.32±0.01µg/100g). The vitamins contents were as follows: β-carotene (114.87 ± 0.24 - 237.2 ± 0.01 ER / 100 g), vitamin E (1.00 ± 0.01 - 1.07 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g), vitamin B1 (0.46 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g), B3 vitamins (7.25 ± 0.01 - 7.97 ± 0.01 mg / 100 G), vitamin B6 (0.38 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g), vitamin B9 (0.05 ± 0.01 mg / 100 g). The cake 4 records the highest levels of vitamins B3, E and β-carotene as those of the control cake. One African adult consumes an average of 23 g of cake per day, representing 2.26% of the 1018.1 g of food consumed on average daily. The daily intake of essential minerals and vitamins of composite cakes contributes in the majority to more than 2 to 5 times that 2.26% of the recommended needs. Cake 4 containing the highest levels of these essential nutrients has the best contribution to recommended daily intakes. Conclusion: The popularization of this cake (cake 4) could contribute to increase the consumption of almonds of Terminalia catappa, to combat malnutrition of the populations especially in children and to generate the sources of income important for the populations.