Fruits and Vegetables Consumption and Assessment of Vitamins A, E, C of the Mature Breast Milk of Women Living in Cote d’ivoire

Abstract

The breast milk is the ideal food of the infant because takes part in his development, and protects it from many diseases. However, the dietary habits of the nursing mother can influence the nutritional value of milk during the period of lactation, and this fact of depriving the infant of certain essential molecules. The objective of this study was to assess vitamins A, E and C of the mature breast milk in partnership with the consumption of fruit and vegetables among women living in Côte d’Ivoire. The study was carried out in Abidjan in two health services maternal and infantile from January 24th, 2017 to June 28th, 2017. The frequencies of consumption of fruit and vegetables and the taking of mother's milk were realized on the 45th and 105th day after childbirth. Vitamins A and E in milk were carried out by liquid chromatography, and the vitamin C by Spectrophotometry. The statistical analysis of the data was carried out with the software statistical SPSS version 18. Analysis of variance was performed, and the defference was significant for a p value p<0.05. It was noted an irregular consumption of fruit and vegetables. None the women consumed five fruit and vegetables per day. The frequencies of consumption were of 0, 1 and 2 fruit and vegetables per week. The concentrations in vitamins (A, E and C) were weak over the two periods of taking away (45th and 105th day), and given Vitamin C (0.38±0.03 mg/dL with 0.21±0.06 mg/dL); Vitamin E (0.6± 0.03 mg/mL with 0.32±0.22 g/mL); Vitamin A (457.97±141.54 µg/L with 401.53±197.84 µg/L). This study showed an irregular consumption of the women nursing out of fruit and vegetables and a reduction in the rate of vitamins A, E and C during the period of lactation. The differences observed with other nursing women quoted in the literature require more investigations in order to define the possible origins and consequences of them on the evolution of the immune system of the child up to 6 months.