Thermotolerant Filamentous Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Banana Trees in the Agroecological Zone of Divo, Southwestern Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

Despite the negative impact of climate change on Ivorian agriculture, the department of Divo accounts for 18% of national plantain production. This resilience can be partly attributed to the activity of filamentous fungi in the rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to identify thermotolerant filamentous fungi associated with the rhizospheric soils of banana trees in this department. Soil samples were taken from four banana plantations, followed by microbiological analyses to isolate the fungi. A selection process identified fungal isolates capable of withstanding a temperature of 55°C, confirming their thermotolerance. The results revealed a fungal diversity comprising the genera Aspergillus, Absidia, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Scedosporium, Mucor, Trichoderma, Beauveria, and Alternaria. With the exception of Alternaria, all these genera presented isolates with thermotolerance. The presence of these microorganisms in the rhizosphere of banana trees is a major agronomic asset. By facilitating the decomposition of organic matter and protecting plants against pathogens, they help improve crop productivity in the face of environmental stress. This research has therefore identified thermotolerant fungi that are likely to play a key role in the resistance of banana trees to global warming.