Nutritional Potential of Cajanus cajan Leaves: Assessment of Their Contribution to Human Dietary Needs

Abstract

Introduction: Despite Togo's rich agrobiodiversity, acute food insecurity remains a critical challenge, affecting approximately 386,000 people during the lean season. This highlights the need for sustainable nutritional strategies, such as the valorization of Neglected and Underutilized Species (NUS). Objective: This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive bromatological and mineral analysis of Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) leaves grown in Togo to evaluate their potential contribution to human nutritional requirements. Materials and Methods: Fresh leaves were harvested, air-dried, and pulverized. Proximate composition was determined using standard AOAC methods, while mineral content was analyzed via Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Anti-nutritional factors (phytates, oxalates, saponins, tannins) were also quantified. Results: The leaves exhibited high nutritional density on a dry matter (DM) basis, specifically containing 29.14 ± 1.09 g/100g crude protein and 13.45 ± 1.32 g/100g dietary fiber. Mineral analysis revealed exceptionally high calcium levels (3537 ± 133.30 mg/100g), contributing significantly to RDAs. Key findings highlight the potential for C. cajan leaves to serve as a basis for functional foods and plant-based therapies. Conclusion: C. cajan leaves represent a nutrient-dense resource capable of addressing specific dietary deficiencies in Togo. While their potential is significant, adequate processing methods are required to minimize anti-nutritional factors and ensure nutrient bioavailability.