Evaluation of Multi-antibiotic Resistance Index (MAR) and Molecular Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated in Pathological Products from Chad

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium present in several ecological niches causing opportunistic infections in humans. In developing countries like Chad, this bacteria is responsible for various human pathologies. High-priority pathogens, such as Salmonella and Shigella, represent a particularly heavy burden in low- and middle-income countries, as do Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which pose serious problems in health centers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the multi-antibiotic resistance index and to carry out a molecular characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in pathological products from Chad using by rep-PCR (GTG)5. Antibiotic resistance phenotypes were obtained by interpreting the results of our previous study on antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from human infections in N'Djamena, Chad. In this study, two phenotypes were obtained that is XDR and MDR. Thus, 24/36 of strains came from urine and 29/36 strains were MDR. The multi-antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexes varied from 0.33 to 0.86. The rep-PCR allowed good discrimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in this study. These isolates were grouped based on characteristic bands appearing in their genetic fingerprint profiles. In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from urinary tract infections and pus were classified as XDR and MDR type strains.