The Brazilian National School Program in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Southern Brazil Experience

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and the suspension of in-person classes required the reorganisation of school food distribution in Brazil. Law No. 13,987/2020 authorised the direct distribution of food kits to students through the Brazilian National School Feeding Program (PNAE). Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study evaluated PNAE implementation in 20 municipalities belonging to the Association of Municipalities of Western Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire completed by nutritionists responsible for the programme in the participating municipalities and analysed using descriptive statistics. Results and Discussion: The timing and frequency of food-kit distribution varied considerably. Half of the municipalities distributed kits monthly, 30% did so every six months, and 20% every two months. Most municipalities (95%) purchased additional food specifically for the kits, and 90% included fruits and vegetables. Among the municipalities providing these foods, 95% purchased them from family farmers. However, nutritional planning was inconsistent: 55% did not calculate the Total Energy Value of the kits, and only 60% reported providing differentiated kits for students with special dietary needs. Most municipalities used designated collection points, whereas a smaller proportion provided home delivery. Conclusion: The emergency adaptation of the PNAE maintained food provision during school closures and supported local family farming. Nevertheless, variation in distribution schedules, nutritional calculations, and accommodation of special dietary needs indicates the need for clearer emergency procedures and stronger nutritional planning.