Sustainable Urban Horticulture Practices: A Review

Abstract

Urban horticulture is vital in improving food security, biodiversity, and environmental sustainability. With increasing urbanization, the need for green areas, sustainable food production, and optimal use of resources has been tremendous. In this review, different sustainable practices in urban horticulture such as vertical gardening, hydroponics, aquaponics, rooftop gardening, composting, and rainwater harvesting are discussed. It also emphasizes the importance of urban agroforestry, intelligent irrigation systems, and integrated pest management in the promotion of sustainable green spaces in urban areas. The benefits and limitations of these strategies are analyzed, highlighting their effects on urban ecology, climate resilience, socio-economic well-being, and environmental conservation. The review is finalized with policy integration, technological innovation, and public participation recommendations to maximize the sustainability of urban horticulture. In addition, it presents future strategies for sustainable food production in cities, new green technologies, and the incorporation of urban agriculture into the development of cities in order to guarantee long-term sustainability and efficiency.