Impact of Improved Red Gram Variety Adoption on Farmer Income and Economic Returns in Telangana, India

Abstract

Red gram (Cajanuscajan), a predominantly tropical crop, thrives in the semi-arid regions of India, plays a vital role in rainfed and dryland agriculture due to its ability to generate high yields even under limited soil moisture. In Telangana State, red gram holds particular importance as it forms an integral part of various cropping systems, cultivated both as a sole crop and in intercropping arrangements. The widespread adoption of improved red gram cultivars, supported by active participation from public and private sectors, has enhanced the crop’s productivity and profitability. A study conducted in Narayanpet district during 2021-22 evaluated the economic benefits of adopting PRG 176 red gram variety, comparing adopters and non-adopters using data from120 sample farmers. The findings indicated higher yields, increased net returns per hectare, and reduced pesticide usage among adopters, with are turn per rupee spent of 1.08.Using the economic surplus method, the study estimated a total economic surplus of ₹31.21 crore, distributed primarily among consumers (75%)and producers (25%).The research invest menton PRG 176 demonstrated strong profitability, with an IRR of 84 per cent, NPV of ₹11.63 crore, and a highly favorable B:C ratio of 96.