Harnessing the Power of Flash Vacuum Expansion: A Comprehensive Review on Operating System and Applications in Food Technology

Abstract

The continuous demand for safe, high-quality, and nutritionally superior food has catalysed the evolution of innovative food processing technologies. Flash Vacuum Expansion (FVE) stands out as a transformative method, bridging the gap between traditional thermal and non-thermal techniques by leveraging the principles of rapid pressure manipulation and thermal efficiency. Through the application of high-saturated steam pressure followed by abrupt decompression, FVE restructures biological matrices, delivering notable enhancements in drying speed, microbial decontamination, and the recovery of valuable bioactive compounds. This review delves into the multifaceted applications of FVE in food processing, spanning laboratory experiments to full-scale industrial practices. The technology has proven instrumental in accelerating drying processes for fruits and vegetables, resulting in significant reductions in processing time and energy costs. Furthermore, FVE optimizes the extraction of essential oils, antioxidants, and other nutraceutical components, enriching the functional and nutritional profiles of food products. Its efficacy in microbial decontamination, including the eradication of spores and vegetative cells, alongside the mitigation of allergenic and anti-nutritional factors, underscores its versatility. Over recent decades, FVE has reshaped food processing paradigms, enhancing both product quality and operational efficiency. This article examines the current advancements, successful industrial implementations, and untapped potential of FVE, positioning it as a pivotal technology for future food processing innovations.