An Empirical Analysis of Groundnut Area, Output and Productivity in Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract

Madhya Pradesh is one of the leading agricultural states in India and plays an important role in the production of oilseed crops. The state is well known for its large-scale cultivation of soybean and other oilseed crops, which contribute significantly to the agricultural economy of the region. The present study examines the trends in area, production, and productivity of groundnut cultivation in Madhya Pradesh over the period 2012–13 to 2024–25. Using time-series data and statistical tools such as absolute change, relative change, coefficient of variation (CV), simple growth rate (SGR), compound growth rate (CGR), and linear trend analysis, the research evaluates the growth performance and variability in groundnut farming. The findings reveal a substantial increase in cultivated area and total production, with area expanding by 111.63 percent and production rising by 133.73 percent during the study period. Productivity also recorded a moderate improvement of 10.38 percent. Although fluctuations were observed due to climatic and other external factors, the overall trend remains positive. Growth rate analysis confirms sustained expansion in both area and output, while productivity shows steady but comparatively modest improvement. The study highlights the importance of technological advancement, improved agronomic practices, and policy support in strengthening groundnut cultivation and ensuring long-term stability in production.