Zinc Status of Filipinos by Serum Zinc Level: 7th National Nutrition Survey, Philippine 2008

Abstract

Objectives: National data on the prevalence of zinc deficiency in the Philippine is not available.  Data on zinc status of Filipinos is important to design appropriate programs and policies for the improvement of nutrition and health status of Filipino population.  This study aimed to assess the prevalence and magnitude of zinc deficiency in the Philippines. Methods: The serum zinc levels of blood samples collected during the 7th national nutrition survey conducted by the FNRI was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.  The results were evaluated using the suggested lower cut-offs and guidelines for public health concern of the International Zinc and Nutrition Consultative Group (IZINCG). Results: The national estimate of zinc deficiency in the Philippines was 30%, with a mean serum zinc level of 84.0+/-0.5 ug/dL. Zinc deficiency was observed in 21.6% of pre-school children, 30.8% in school children, 28.9% in adolescents, 31.0% in adults, 28.4% in elderly, 21.55 in pregnant and 39.7% in lactating women, with a mean serum zinc level (+/-SE) of 94.5+/-0.9 ug/dL, 79.9+/-0.8 ug/dL, 85.2 +/-0.9 ug/dL, 84.2+/-0.6 ug/dL, 91.4+/-1.1 ug/dL, 75.1+/-1.7 ug/dL. and 72.7+/-1.1 ug/dL, respectively. Conclusions: Zinc deficiency was considered of high magnitude (>20%) in all Filipino population groups, both in the national level (30%) and in different age/physiologic groups.  The highest prevalence was noted among lactating women and those in the 1st six months of lactation. Males has higher deificency rates than females, except adults, 20-29 and 30-39 years old. The results can be used as basis for developing national programs and policies for the improvement of health and nutritional status of Filipinos.