Impact of Lifestyle Habits on the Nutritional Status of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is classified as a metabolic disorder that can be effectively managed through beneficial dietary changes. Patients with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing chronic complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, and sepsis. The treatment of this illness is significantly influenced by lifestyle choices. Adopting a balanced diet, regular physical activity, maintaining appropriate sleep hygiene, and making other lifestyle choices significantly impacts the nutritional status of individuals with T2DM. Objective: The present study aims to assess the impact of lifestyle habits on the nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods and Materials: A total of 250 outpatients with type 2 diabetes were selected based on a purposive non-random sampling technique. The data was collected from Sir Sunder Lal Hospital, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. Socio-demographic profile, biochemical profile, nutritional profile, and lifestyle habits assessed through interview, self-structured questionnaire, and tools. (SPSS 25.0) version used for the analysis of the data. Results: The analysis revealed that physical activity, gender, and WHR were significantly associated with BMI. The other variables, such as smoking, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, food habits, age, marital status, and socioeconomic status, did not show significant associations with the BMI (p > 0.05) of the patients. Conclusion: This investigation emphasizes the substantial influence of sociodemographic and lifestyle variables on body mass index (BMI).  BMI is significantly influenced by gender, physical activity, and WHR.  The effective prevention and management of type 2 diabetes can be significantly influenced by the promotion of active lifestyles and the consideration of these variables.