Uggayam as Indigenous Oral Heritage: Functions, Symbolism and Intergenerational Transmission in Villaviciosa, Abra

Abstract

Uggayam, a traditional oral poetry of the Tingguian people in Villaviciosa, Abra, serves as a vital cultural practice that extends beyond artistic expression to encompass economic, political, and social functions. This study explores the role of Uggayam in contemporary society, particularly its contributions to local governance, economic development, and cultural preservation. This study utilized a qualitative research method with an ethnographic thematic approach, incorporating participant observation, structured interviews, and thematic analysis. Ten expert Uggayam practitioners from various barangays in Villaviciosa, including Poblacion, Tamac, Cal-lao, Calcalumatsi, and Ol-olingen, participated, sharing their knowledge of its significance and preservation. With the help of interviews with community members and local leaders, the study examines how Uggayam remains relevant in modern settings despite the challenges posed by globalization, digitalization, and cultural assimilation. Findings reveal that Uggayam significantly contributes to economic activities, particularly tourism and festivals, by generating income and fostering community engagement. Politically, Uggayam serves as a medium for civic participation, enabling citizens to voice concerns and communicate with local officials. However, the study also identifies key challenges in its preservation, including declining interest among the youth and the dominance of mainstream cultural influences. Moreover, indigenous knowledge systems are at risk due to modernization and shifting social preferences. To address these challenges, the research highlights the importance of integrating Uggayam into educational curricula and digital platforms to sustain its relevance. The study contributes to the growing discourse on indigenous knowledge systems and underscores the need for community-driven efforts for cultural preservation. Uggayam in itself remains a vital cultural heritage of the Tingguian people, reinforcing identity, economic growth, and political engagement in Villaviciosa. However, its sustainability requires collective efforts from local leaders, educators, and cultural practitioners. Future research could explore more extensive methods of digital preservation and policy support for Indigenous oral traditions, securing Uggayam’s place in both contemporary society and future generations.