Tuberculous Chylous Ascites in a HIV Infected Adolescent: Challenges of Management in a Low Resource Country
Kingsley Asinobi, Emeka Nwolisa, Udochikwuka Ikejiaku, Joseph Ezeogu, Kelechi Odinaka
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research · pp. 250–253 · Published 27 Dec 2023
10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i245343Abstract
Tuberculous chylous ascites is a challenging manifestation of tuberculosis which involves the accumulation of chyle, a milky fluid containing lymph and dietary fats, within the peritoneal cavity. It is an uncommon condition even in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of tuberculosis (TB) is very high. While tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, it can also target other organs, leading to various extrapulmonary manifestations like chylous ascites. Tuberculous chylous ascites is a result of the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the lymphatic system within the abdominal cavity. The infection triggers inflammation and obstruction of the lymphatic vessels, leading to the leakage of chyle into the peritoneal cavity. When tuberculous chylous ascites occurs in a child with HIV/TB co-infection, it poses great challenges in management. We present a case of a HIV/TB co-infected Nigerian adolescent with tuberculous chylous ascites.
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