The Complex World of Citrus: A Review of Diversity, Adaptation, and Evolution
Suman Kumari, Halima Khatoon, Kamal Kumar Pande, RK Roshan, Ayinaparthi Sumanjali Hemakiran, Satyarth Sonkar, Juman Das, Rupa Ujjwal
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology · pp. 300–307 · Published 5 May 2025
10.9734/jabb/2025/v28i52292Abstract
Citrus ranks among the most varied and extensively grown fruit crops worldwide, with a complex evolutionary history and diverse adaptations to various environments. This review seeks to deliver a thorough summary of citrus diversity, adaptation, and evolution, emphasizing existing understanding and prospective avenues of study. We discuss the taxonomy and phylogeny of citrus, the genetic and phenotypic diversity of citrus species, and the adaptations that enable citrus to thrive in diverse environments. We also explore the evolutionary processes that have shaped citrus diversity and the impact of human activities on citrus evolution. Finally, we highlight the importance of citrus diversity for sustainable agriculture and food security and discuss future research directions for improving citrus production and conservation.
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