GCMS Analysis of Leaf and Salt Stress Callus of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Abstract

In the present study, the leaf explant cultured on a MS medium supplemented with BAP (4.44 μM) + NAA (0.98 μM) had the ability to induce more amount of green and friable callus. The 40 days old best grown callus was sub cultured on the combination of various concentrations of BAP (2.22, 4.44, 6.66, 8.88 and 11.1μM) along with same concentrations of NAA (0.98 μM) with different concentrations of NaCl (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mM). The highest percentage of callus was observed on MS + BAP (4.44 μM) + NAA (0.98 μM) + NaCl 20 mM with the percentage of 62.33±1.35. The shoot induction was observed on the same media composition with 95% response. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanol and methanol extracts of salt callus showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, tannins/ phenolics, flavonoids, glycosides and reducing sugar. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of 27 compounds in the ethanolic extract of S. melongena. Among that there are seven major peaks which indicating the presence of seven major phytochemical constituents. From the twenty seven compounds identified, the most prevailing compounds were, Tetracontane (12.64%), Lupeol (12.44%), N-Tetratetracontane (11.60%), Tetrapentacontane (11.05%) Dotriacontane (10.90%), n-Hexatriacontane (9.18%) and Eicosane (5.26%). Twenty five compounds were identified through GCMS analysis of methanolic salt callus extracts of S. melongena. The most prevailing compounds were 1-Heptacosanol (54.39%), Ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3-ol (8.37%), Tetracosane (5.26%), Tetratetracontane (4.49%) and Beta Carotene (4.25%).