Riparian Forest Composition, Tree Diversity and its Association with Mand River, Chhattisgarh, India

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the riparian tree diversity and species composition of the Mand river.  It offers insights into species richness, dominance and community organization along the river by systematic vegetation surveys and statistical analysis.  The research utilizes a systematic methodology integrating remote sensing, GIS analysis and field sampling techniques to assess tree diversity in the riparian zones of the Mand River.  Ecological indicators evaluated species diversity, including species richness, frequency, density, abundance and Importance Value Index (IVI).  The Shannon-Wiener Index (H') assessed for species richness and evenness and Simpson's Diversity Index (D) measured for species dominance and rarity of the tree species in the riparian ecosystem. The Importance Value Index of riparian tree species indicates that Shorea robusta (Sal) is the dominant species across all distance classes, consistent with the Sal-dominated forest type exists in the region.  The study indicates a progressive transition from moisture-dependent species along the riverbank (0m) to drought-resistant species in elevated regions (500m).  The 250m zone demonstrates the highest species richness, indicating that transitional zones offer ideal circumstances for the coexistence of different species.  The variety of plants in riparian forests improves ecological resilience, hydrological stability and biodiversity preservation.  The results of this study will help design efficient conservation and management strategies for the Mand River watershed and improve our knowledge of riparian ecology in central India.