Epidemiological Prevalence and Molecular Markers of Bladder Cancer in Bangladeshi Women Aged 50-59: The Role of Tobacco Exposure and Awareness Deficits

Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer represents a significant health concern worldwide. However, comprehensive studies on its epidemiological trends, molecular characteristics, and associated factors among Bangladeshi women have been scarce. Methods: A sample of 1984 women was analyzed to assess epidemiological trends and molecular insights into bladder cancer. The study objectives encompassed epidemiological analysis, molecular characterization, risk factor assessment, quality of diagnosis and treatment evaluation, and exploration of educational and awareness initiatives. Sampling techniques involved stratified random sampling, ensuring representation across diverse demographic backgrounds. Results: The age group 50-59 showed heightened bladder cancer prevalence. Molecular characterization highlighted the dominance of FGFR3 gene mutations, while a significant subset exhibited TP53 mutations. Tobacco smoke emerged as a primary risk factor. Although patient satisfaction concerning diagnosis and treatment was relatively high, there existed a noticeable lack of awareness regarding bladder cancer symptoms among the participants. Conclusion: The study underscores the need for targeted awareness campaigns, enhanced early screening, and research-driven clinical interventions tailored for Bangladeshi women. The identified molecular markers also suggest opportunities for personalized therapeutic strategies. The findings call for a comprehensive approach in the healthcare sector to effectively tackle bladder cancer challenges among women in Bangladesh.