Qualitative Analysis and Statistical Evaluation of Curcumin Content and Total Phenolic Compounds in Distinct Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Germplasms

Abstract

Aim: Nowadays, turmeric value has increased with the presence of curcumin content and total phenols, as they are highly advantageous and useful in different areas of study. Salinity stress is also a major problem in certain areas under which many turmeric germplasms show reduced phenolic compounds and curcumin content. Therefore, the present study is aimed at identifying the different varieties that are diverse with high yields and maximum production so that the salt stress effects can be studied. Methodology: This study was carried out using Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD). Statistical analysis was done by applying the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in relation to the concentrations of total phenolic compounds and curcumin content. Results: We observed, a gradual rise in the total phenol content and curcumin content in all the germplasms. In particular, treatments including maximum salinity stress like 100 mM concentration gave better results compared to the control and 50 mM concentration (Figs. 2 & 3). These observations can be considered as stress-responsive mechanisms developed by the turmeric plants under salt stress conditions. Compared to all the selected germplasms, Vallabh Sharad and Selection 1 gave maximum output for total phenol content. 2.12 (leaf) and 0.28 (rhizome) values, which are maximum compared to controls observed in the case of 100 mM concentration. Also, Selection 1 gave 0.58 (rhizome) curcumin content, which is the maximum compared to the control. Conclusions: Therefore, this increase in the phytochemicals in plants, helps in the increase of the medicinal properties in the turmeric plants also, internally protecting them from salt stress.