Distribution of Bacterial Disease in the Main Mango Production Areas of Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract

Bacterial disease is a major biotic constraints of mango production in Côte d'Ivoire. The objective of this study is to assess the distribution of mango bacteriosis disease in mango production areas in northern Côte d'Ivoire. This study focused on 720 mango trees, of the Kent variety, spread over 20 orchards. These orchards are located in the Bagoué, Tchologo and Poro regions in northern Côte d'Ivoire. The study consisted of determining the incidence and severity of bacterial disease on the leaves and fruits of mango trees. Data on the incidence and severity index of bacterial disease on leaves and fruits were subjected to descriptive analysis followed by PCA. Then, the ascending hierarchical classification (CAH) and multivariate analysis completed the data analysis. The results obtained did not reveal any dissimilarity of the presence of the bacterial disease in the three (3) regions studied. On the other hand, a predominance of the severe or major type of bacterial disease over the level of slight or marginal contamination has been demonstrated. None of the three main regions (Poro, Tchologo and Bagoué) of mango production in Côte d'Ivoire appears to be the center of bacterial disease dispersion at the current stage of bacterial disease progression. The level of incidence and severity of this disease is similar between fruits and leaves. The Principal Component Analysis and the Ascending Hierachical Classification completed by the MANOVA made it possible to structure the mango orchards into three (3) homogeneous groups. Group 2 orchards (VB4, VB8, VB7 and VF2) presented a moderate level of incidence and severity on leaves and fruits.