Phytochemical Profiling and Spectroscopic Characterization of Alternanthera bettzickiana Using Different Solvent Extracts: Insights from FTIR and GC-MS Analysis

Abstract

Background: Medicinal plants remain a valuable source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential, though many species still require rigorous scientific validation of their safety and efficacy. Alternanthera bettzickiana has recently attracted attention due to its reported antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties supported by phytochemical and spectroscopic studies. Aim: The study aims to analyze the phytochemical composition of Alternanthera bettzickiana through qualitative phytochemical testing and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) which will help determine its medicinal value. Methodology: The study followed an experimental laboratory-based design. Analyzed the qualitative phytochemicals on Alternanthera bettzickiana extracts to identify their main secondary metabolite components. Used FTIR to analyze the extract and find its present functional groups. The researchers used GC-MS to analyze the extract and identify its chemical composition and active chemical elements. Results: The screening process identified Phytochemical compounds which included alkaloids and flavonoids and saponins and phenols and tannins and terpenoids and quinones and steroids. The FTIR analysis identified functional groups which included hydroxyl and carbonyl and alkene groups that demonstrate the existence of multiple bioactive substances. The GC-MS analysis identified several compounds which included fatty acids, terpenoids, alkaloids and phenolic derivatives that possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Conclusion: The research results support traditional medicinal practices which use Alternanthera bettzickiana as medicine and show its complete range of active chemical substances. The plant material contains active biological substances which make it a possible source for developing plant-derived medicinal products.