Contribution of Job Design and Ergonomics Considerations on Employee Performance in Service Sectors in Tanzania: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to focus on discussing involvement of several techniques that used in job design which are job rotation, job enlargement, job enrichment, employee’s empowerment, and autonomy toward performance of manufacturing sectors as well focusing on discussing job design and ergonomic effect on employee performances in Tanzania Methodology: The study adopted investigative philosophy (Antipositivism) that advocate qualitative data methods; the cross-sectional survey design was used to measure variables relationship through reviewed of published literatures as well as asking collect information from key informants. The study focus was company’s operating on services sector that located in Dar es Salaam and Mbeya Cities. 20 past literatures were reviewed together with 9 key informant employees from services offered companies in study areas. The study adopted content analysis for analyzing data collected using interview technique integrated with Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-Scr) to analyses previous literatures. Findings: From the study results, there were significant relationship between job design techniques and employee motivation that lead to performance of services sector companies. This means there necessary to construct job design that promote employee performances. Also, in adaptation of job design the organization should consider improvement of workplace environment and office design overall to facilitate safety and health workplace relationship. Recommendations: The study recommendations to the companies are to reconsidered human factors when developing job structure to ensure physical, cognitive ergonomics, and organizational ergonomics are incorporated within job framework and reduce mental and physical problem related to working environment.