Laparoscopic Evacuation of Retroperitoneal Hematoma After Blunt Trauma Abdomen: A Case Report

Abstract

Retroperitoneal hematoma is an uncommon and potentially life-threatening condition that rarely requires surgical intervention. In most cases, uncomplicated retroperitoneal hematomas are managed conservatively with close observation, blood transfusions, and correction of coagulopathy. Laparoscopic evacuation offers a minimally invasive alternative, allowing effective control of bleeding, removal of the hematoma, and reducing the need for extensive open surgery. A case of a 25-year-old man who developed a large retroperitoneal hematoma following blunt abdominal trauma from a kick was presented. Laboratory investigations showed: Haemoglobin: 8 gm/dL, for which the patient received two units of blood transfusion. Normal kidney function tests. Ultrasonography revealed a large retroperitoneal hematoma in the central (Zone 1) region of the abdomen, located on the right side of the aorta and inferior vena cava, measuring 12 x 10 cm. The patient was successfully managed with laparoscopic evacuation and treatment.  Laparoscopic management is especially valuable when conservative treatment fails or interventional radiology is not available. Overall, laparoscopic evacuation of large retroperitoneal hematomas is a safe and feasible technique in appropriately selected, stable patients.