Land Use Planning by Using GIS Techniques for Land Resource Inventory (LRI)- Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka, India

Abstract

A study was conducted to determine land capability and to develop suitability map based on soil characteristics and climatic factors of watershed area. Detailed soil survey was carried out for Donur-2 micro watershed which comes under Basavana Bagewadi taluka of Vijayapura district, Karnataka to acquire the comprehensive data related land resources. From the study area, it was observed that based on soil-site characteristics four soil series were identified such as Dadamatti, Karjol, Nidoni and Rampur series and mapped into eight mapping units using GIS techniques. Donur-2 watershed area has been grouped into three land capability classes (LCC) viz., II, III and IV with four subclasses IIes, IIIs, IIIse and IVe. Subclass ‘e’ is due to major limitation of soil property group ‘e’ i.e erosion and slope, subclass ‘s’ is due to major limitations group ‘s’ having parameters like texture, depth and gravelliness. Subclass ‘se’ and ‘es’ are due to limitations of both soil parameters group above mentioned, however se and es are different classes which are based major limitation one of the group and followed by other group. Land capability map was developed using GIS techniques which indicates that out of 324.3 ha study area, LCC class IIIs covering major area i.e. 179 ha (55.12%), followed by class IIs i.e. 109 ha (33.51%), class IVe i.e. 23 ha (7.15%) and minor area of 7 ha (2.15%) area is covered by class IIIse. Soil suitability assessment indicates that majority of land is moderately suitable for agriculture. Class III soils are designated as moderately fertile agricultural land with significant constraints. However, with special conservation practices soils under class III can be used for cultivation of different crops. Class IV soils are categorized as reasonably fertile for intermittent cultivation, characterized by significant restrictions that limit crop options but with careful management practices these can be used for cultivation of arable crops. Therefore, the utilization of a land use planning approach (LUP) is instrumental in formulating tailored land resource management strategies to enhance land productivity, mitigate land degradation and attain sustainability goals.