Assessment of Anesthesia Protocol for Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation before Cancer Treatment

Abstract

The preservation of fertility is a highly important consideration for patients undergoing cancer treatment, especially those requiring procedures such as egg retrieval or ovarian transplantation. These procedures pose unique challenges because they require anesthesia protocols that ensure patient safety while preserving fertility. Recent advances in anesthesia techniques offer promising opportunities to optimize the outcomes of fertility-sparing procedures. In recent years, there has been a shift toward alternative anesthesia methods, such as opting for regional anesthesia techniques such as spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia, and monitored anesthesia (MAC). These approaches have benefits such as reduced systemic impact, reduced recovery time, and improved postoperative pain management. Egg retrieval is an important step in preserving fertility for female cancer patients. Modern anesthesia protocols, particularly the use of regional techniques such as transvaginal ultrasound-guided paracervical blocks and spinal anesthesia, have been shown to improve patient comfort and safety during the procedure. This literature review aims to assess the effectiveness of modern anesthesia protocols in promoting successful fertility preservation in patients undergoing oocyte retrieval and ovarian transposition before cancer treatment. It will help reflect on the pros and cons that make these updated techniques an excellent choice to be utilized in such challenging situations.