Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of Elite Mung Bean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) Genotypes

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out at Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur with the 19 green gram genotypes to evaluate the genetic variability parameters and phenotypic variation for ten quantitative traits. The genotypes assessed in this study posses significant difference among themselves. Genotypes TRM-251, TRM-230, TRM-250, HUM-12, HUM-16 and IGKM-2021-1 showed best performance for days to flowering, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant and harvest index, respectively. The high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) found for seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight, number of pods per plant and harvest index. High genetic advance as % of mean coupled with high heritability was observed for plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and harvest index indicating that the possibility of direct selection. This indicated the role of additive gene effects and less effect of environmental factors on the expression of the traits, implying the potential efficacy of simple selection for trait improvement. Out of 10, four principal components exhibited more than one eigen value and showed about 81.162% variability among the traits studied for each genotypes. First three PCs were predominantly related to yield and yield contributing traits. Based on the PC scores RMO3-71, IGKM-6-27-5 and HUM 16 will be recommended for direct cultivation programme. HUM 12, TRM 146, TRM 251 and TRM 250 were the most distinct from the others and can be used for crossing purpose.