From Traditional Techniques to Vernacular Form: Integrating Modern Drafting Practices in the Design of a Village Chapel

Abstract

Background: Vernacular architecture in rural Philippine settlements reflects local material use, environmental adaptation, cultural practice and inherited construction knowledge. However, such knowledge is increasingly challenged by industrialised materials and standardised building methods. Aim: This study documented the vernacular architectural characteristics of Sitio Brazil and developed a village chapel design that integrates traditional bamboo construction with modern drafting practices. Study Design: A quanti-qualitative design integrated with architectural design was used. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in Sitio Brazil, Barangay Mat-I, Surigao City, Philippines, during the academic year 2025–2026. Methodology: The community component involved 50 residents selected through purposive sampling, while selected architectural and engineering professionals from the City Engineering Office provided technical validation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, site observations, environmental documentation and case-study reviews. Frequency and percentage distribution, thematic analysis, comparative analysis and design synthesis were used to interpret the data and translate findings into architectural outputs, including plans, elevations, structural perspectives, construction details and 3D visualisations. Results: Most respondents identified a strong relationship between existing structures and the natural environment (48, 96%), while few reported communal or religious structures (6, 12%). Locally sourced materials (45, 90%) and bamboo as a primary construction material (38, 76%) remained prominent, although metal fasteners (42, 84%) were more frequently reported than traditional bamboo joinery (24, 48%). All respondents (50, 100%) considered the structures translatable into modern architectural drawings, but only 25 (50%) identified joinery details clear enough for drafting. Conclusion: The proposed bamboo-based chapel demonstrates how vernacular materials, community values and modern drafting can be combined in a culturally responsive and technically informed rural worship space.