Frequency of Uropathogenic Bacteria among Patients Visited to the National Reference University Hospital Center of N'Djamena (CHAD)

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial infections, both in urban medicine and in hospitals where nosocomial urinary tract infections rank first or second among the main sites of infection. Aims: The general objective of this study is to determine the frequency of urinary tract infections and the causative agents responsible for urinary tract infections in patients who came for consultation at the National Reference University Hospital of N'Djamena. Methodology: This is a prospective cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic and consecutive sampling, conducted in the bacteriology unit of the National Reference University Hospital Center (NRUHC) in N'Djamena, between July and October 2023 and included all patients who had undergone a Cytobacteriological examination of urine.The identification of bacteria was based on morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Results: Of a total of 237 urine samples examined, 121 were positive with an overall frequency of 51% of which men represented 64% and women 36%. The most affected age group was [59-69] years for 27 % of participants. The minimum age of positive cases was 4 years, the maximum age was 90 years and a mean age of 53.64 years. The bacteriological frequency was 73% of Uropathogenic Enterobacteria, 23% of Gram-positive cocci, 2% of Cocco Bacilli and 2% of strict aerobic Bacilli. The main bacteria isolated were E. coli (45%), S. aureus (12%), Staphylococcus spp. (10%), K. pneumoniae (9%), Acinetobacter baumanii(4%), Raoultellaomithinolytica(3%). Conclusion:Many germs can cause urinary tract infections due to pathogenicity factors specific to each.