Emphasis on the Sustainable Approach to Nanotechnology in Agriculture Applications: A Review

Abstract

The continuously increase of the world's population and food demand has put tremendous pressure on agricultural systems to improve productivity while being environmentally sustainable. Conventional agricultural practices that depend mostly on chemical fertilizers and pesticides have resulted in soil deterioration, water pollution and decreased biodiversity. Nanotechnology has emerged as a game-changing way to address these issues through precision agriculture, enhanced nutrition delivery and reduced environmental impact. This review focuses on sustainable approaches to nanotechnology in agriculture, such as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanosensors and nano-enabled soil management. The nanomaterials are biocompatible, nontoxic, photostable and have high potential future prospective applications of nano-derived agricultural waste materials. Green sustainable approaches, nanotechnology techniques are concerned, namely green synthesis, controlled release systems and eco-friendly formulations. Due to positive expectations, there are still more hurdles to overcome such as toxicity, allowed structures, and feasibility. The potential of nanotechnology to improve endurable agriculture is huge and these research benefits from that, as long as it is used responsibly, with proper risk assessment and regulatory guidelines.