Efficiency of Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Cabbage under Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions

Abstract

The present investigation was conducted during 2025–2026 at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design with three replications using the hybrid cabbage variety 'Raizy'. It comprised thirteen treatments: T0 (control), T1 [FYM @ 10 t ha⁻¹], T2 [FYM @ 15 t ha⁻¹], T3 [FYM @ 20 t ha⁻¹], T4 [vermicompost @ 10 t ha⁻¹], T5 [vermicompost @ 15 t ha⁻¹], T6 [vermicompost @ 20 t ha⁻¹], T7 [poultry manure @ 10 t ha⁻¹], T8 [poultry manure @ 15 t ha⁻¹], T9 [poultry manure @ 20 t ha⁻¹], T10 [goat manure @ 10 t ha⁻¹], T11 [goat manure @ 15 t ha⁻¹] and T12 [goat manure @ 20 t ha⁻¹]. Significant differences were observed among treatments for growth, yield and economic traits. T8 recorded the maximum plant height (36.17 cm), number of leaves per plant (30.25), plant spread (48.30 cm), polar diameter (18.78 cm), equatorial diameter (28.82 cm), gross head weight (1529.50 g), net head weight (1200.71 g) and head yield per plot (4.06 kg), as well as the earliest horticultural maturity (72.79 days). It also recorded the highest gross return (Rs. 3,97,000 ha⁻¹), net return (Rs. 3,65,450 ha⁻¹) and benefit:cost ratio (5.36). The findings indicate that poultry manure @ 15 t ha⁻¹ was the most effective organic nutrient source among the tested treatments for improving the growth, yield and profitability of hybrid cabbage under Prayagraj agro-climatic conditions.