Effect of Different Nutrition Intervention Approaches on the Biochemical Lipid Profile of Dyslipidaemic Subjects

Abstract

Aims: Dyslipidaemia is a metabolic disorder associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Nutrition-based strategies are considered important non-pharmacological approaches for lipid management. This study evaluated the effects of different nutrition intervention approaches on the biochemical lipid profile of dyslipidaemic subjects over six months. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Civil Hospital, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India, over a period of six months. Methodology: A total of 240 diagnosed dyslipidaemic subjects were enrolled and allocated to four intervention groups: Dietary Counselling Group (DCG), Mixture Supplementing Group (MSG), Nutrition Education Group (NEG) and Dietary Counselling with Mixture Supplementing Group (DCMSG). Each group included experimental and control subgroups. The intervention period lasted 180 days. Biochemical assessments were conducted at baseline (0th day), mid-intervention (90th day) and post-intervention (180th day). Serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were measured using standard laboratory procedures. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test, with statistical significance considered at p<0.05. Results: Reductions in lipid profile parameters were observed in the intervention subgroups. After six months, mean serum total cholesterol decreased by 22.05% in the DCG experimental subgroup, 13.17% in the MSG experimental subgroup and 31.39% in the DCMSG experimental subgroup. Mean LDL-C levels decreased by 16.00%, 9.40% and 21.50% in the DCG, MSG and DCMSG experimental subgroups, respectively. The DCMSG experimental subgroup showed the greatest reduction in both TC and LDL-C, whereas control subgroups showed increases in these parameters during the study period. Conclusion: The findings indicate that nutrition interventions, particularly the combined approach of dietary counselling and mixture supplementation, were associated with improvements in serum total cholesterol and LDL-C among dyslipidaemic subjects.