Determination of Microbiological Quality, Proximate Composition and Physicochemical Parameters of Margarine Produced from Oil Blends of Palm Kernel, Coconut and Melon
Journal of Advances in Microbiology · pp. 113–123 · Published 30 Dec 2022
10.9734/jamb/2022/v22i12712Abstract
The potential of margarine production from blends of melon, coconut and palm kernel oil, and the microbiological qualities and physicochemical parameters of the product were studied. The microbiological evaluation was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria, using pour plate and spread plate methods to ascertain the viable cell counts. The physicochemical composition, proximate properties were determined using standard methods. The enumeration of total heterotrophic bacterial count revealed low microbial count of 2.6 x 103 CFU/g, total coliform count was 2.5 x 102 CFU/g and total fungal count. 2.4 x 102 CFU/g. The value was within permissible limit of 104 CFU/g. The biochemical characterization and identification revealed Staphylococcus spp, Bacillus spp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, and Micrococcus spp are the suspected bacterial isolates. While the fungal isolates are Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp and Rhizopus spp. The percentage occurrence revealed that Staphylococcus spp had the highest prevalence of 33.3%, followed by Escherichia coli (26.7%), Salmonella spp (20%), Bacillus spp (13.3%), Micrococcus spp (6.7%). While the fungal isolates had the following prevalence; Aspergillus spp (50%), Penicillium spp (16.7%), Rhizopus spp (16.7%) and Fusarium spp (16.7%). Proximate analysis revealed moisture (15.0±0.5), ash (35.0±0.5), crude (17.50±0.25), lipid (22.50±0.03), protein (2.218±0.01), and carbohydrate (7.78±0.01). Results for physicochemical analyses showed that Iodine value was 0.372, saponification value was 22.103 and acid value, 1.159. This result indicates that palm kernel oil, melon oil and coconut oil had the best potential for the production of margarine which would be acceptable due to the low microbial count. However, the presence of Staphylococcus spp and Salmonella spp renders the product a potential health hazard in line with FDA guidelines. Therefore, maximum hygienic conditions during production is advocated and further analysis recommended on these samples to discover their maximum importance and industrial utilization.
References (17)
- 1 District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries [DOI]
- 2 Manual of clinical microbiology [DOI]
- 3 The journal of the American Oil Chemists Society [DOI]
- 4 Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.: Arecaceae): In health promotion and disease prevention [DOI]
- 5 Current concepts and prospects of herbal nutraceutical: A review [DOI]
- 6 Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research [DOI]
- 7 Effects of Coconut Oil on Human Health [DOI]
- 8 Codex alimentarius commission [DOI]
- 9 The Production of an Experimental Table Margarine Enriched with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA): Physical Properties [DOI]
- 10 The Use of Prebiotics of Plant Origin in Functional Milk Products [DOI]
- 11 Production and Quality Evaluation of Margarine from Blends of Melon and Palm Kernel Oils [DOI]
- 12 Investigation of physicochemical, microbial and fatty acids profile of table margarine made with palm and soybean oils
- 13 The changes of table margarine characterization during storage time
- 14 DETERMINING THE PHYSIOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LOCAL NIGERIAN WHITE MELON SEED FLOUR [DOI]
- 15 Nutrition and Physical Fitness [DOI]
- 16 European Journal of Experimental Biology [DOI]
- 17 International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology [DOI]
Cited by 0
No indexed citations yet.
Related research
- Phytochemical and Nutraceutical Potentials of Beach Bean (Canavalia rosea SW.) DC Grown in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- Proximate Analysis and Minerals of Black Bean Seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Used to Manage Sickle Cell Disease in West Region of Cameroon — shares topic coverage
- Cockroach (Periplaneta americana): Nutritional Value as Food and Feed For Man and Livestock — shares topic coverage
- Quality Evaluation of Nutritious Fish Crackers Developed from Three Carp Fish Species — shares topic coverage
- The Effects of Raffia Palm Mesocarp on Haematological Parameters of Clarias gariepinus, a Common Niger Delta Wetland Fish — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
17
Page views
0
PDF downloads
2
Outbound clicks
0
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.