Histopathological Evaluation of the Effects of Siam Weed in Cadmium Induced Toxicity on the Liver of Wistar Rat

Abstract

Siam plant (Chromolaena odorata) is a plant with a characteristic aromatic smell, since ancient times, had been of interest for medical purposes in the local parlance and had been reported to be used in tradition medicine as antispasmodic, antiprotozoal, anti trypanosomal, antibacterial, antifungal, antihypertensive, anti-inflamatory, astringent, diuretic and hepatotropic agent. The aim of this study is to assess the histological impact of Siam weed on liver damage produced by Cadmium in adult Wistar rats. A total of twentyfive albino Wistar rats were obtained for the experiment. The rats were divided into five groups (A - E) and subjected to various treatments. At the end of administration the liver of the animals was harvested and processed histologically and photomicrographs taken. The photomicrographic images exhibits central vein (CV) and portal tract congestion, together with necrotic regions, sinusoidal space blockage, focal foci of haemorrhage (shown by an arrow), and the presence of Kupffer cells. The study revealed that the intraperitoneal administration of Cadmium in rats resulted in notable hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by histopathological alterations and degeneration of hepatocytes. Conversely, the oral ingestion of Chromolaena Odorata did not have any impact on the liver toxicity induced by Cadmium in rats.