Genetic Polymorphism and Relationships in Hybrid Crosses of Butterfly Koi (Cyprinus carpio koi) and Comet Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Using RAPD Markers

Abstract

Cross-breeding of ornamental broodstock with close genetic relatives is one of the causes of the reduction of variations in the colour and body shape of fish offspring. The aim of this study is to analyse polymorphism in hybrid fish from butterfly female or male koi (bFK, bMK) and female or male comet (FC, MC) and other sources (osFC) and the genetic relationships between the offspring and the two parental lines based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. The broodstock bFK, bMK, FC and MC was obtained from the experimental pond Ciparanje and the other comets from Parung. Hybrid fish (FC ꓫ MC, FC ꓫ bMK and OSC ꓫ BMK) were obtained from spawning process. RAPD results showed that the hybrid fish osFCbMK had a higher genetic variation by OPA-02 than by OPA-13. However, OPA-13 primer was able to detect bFKMC and FCbMK polymorphisms in the hybrid fish compared to OPA-02 primer. The OPA-13 phenogram is more suitable for detecting genetic linkage between the hybrid osFCbMK and comet parental (osFC and MC) or koi parental (bFK or bMK) by 40% and bFKMC and offspring (bFK or bMK) by 30%, compared to the OPA-02 phenogram (11% and 24% respectively. The genetic closeness between the FCbMK hybrid and the FC parental is 19% (OPA-13 phenogram) and 2% (OPA-02 phenogram). OPA-13 primer is able to detect hybrid polymorphism of butterfly koi fish and comet goldfish and genetic relationship of koi with comet.