Biodiversity and Enterotoxigenic Potential of Staphylococci Isolated from Raw and Spontaneously Fermented Camel Milk
Patrick Murigu Kamau Njage, Stefania Dolci, Christoph Jans, John Wangoh, Christophe Lacroix, Leo Meile
Microbiology Research Journal International · pp. 128–138 · Published 5 Mar 2013
10.9734/BMRJ/2013/2896Abstract
Aims: To characterise the diversity, genotypic and phenotypic properties of coagulase negative and coagulase positive staphylococci from camel milk. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland, between July 2009 and June 2011. Methodology: Staphylococci isolated from 59 raw and spontaneously fermented camel milk (suusac) samples from Kenya and Somalia were identified, pheno- and genotypically characterized. Preliminary screening of colonies was done by catalase test, Gram staining reactions, clumping factor/protein A and microscopy. Further identification was done by 23S rDNA species PCR, thermostable nuclease gene (nuc) PCR and rep-PCR followed by staphylococcal genus ID32 Staph system and coagulase negative species specific PCR. PCR amplification of the genes encoding capsular polysaccharides cap5 and cap8, and staphylococcal enterotoxins SEA to SEE and SEG to SEJ was also carried out. Results: From a total of 235 BP medium isolates, staphylococci were 146 (62 %) of which, 66 (45 %) were Staphylococcus aureus. S. epidermidis accounted for 43 % of the coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS). The rest of the CNS were 25 % S. simulans, 16.3 % S. saprophyticus, 2.5 % S. haemolyticus, 2.5% S. hyicus, 2.5 % S. xylosus, 2.5 % S. lentus, 1.3 % S. carnosus and 1.3 % S. microti. Capsular polysaccharide gene cap5 was present in 15 % and cap8 in 23 % of the S. aureus isolates. Enterotoxin genes were detected in 47 % of the staphylococci with sej in 33 %, seb in 6 %, sed in 5 % and seg in 3 % of the isolates. Within the species enterotoxin genes were detected in 100 %, 64.7 %, 38.5 % and 22.7 % of the S. simulans, S. epidermidis, S. sapropyticus and S. aureus respectively. Conclusion: The diversity of CNS is remarkable and the prevalence of enterotoxin genes amongst CNS and CPS further informs generalizations for other milk and hygienic situations in similar production environment.
References (39)
- 1 Detection of Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the nuc gene [DOI]
- 2 Multiplex PCR for Detection of Genes for Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins, Exfoliative Toxins, Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1, and Methicillin Resistance [DOI]
- 3 Applicability of rep-PCR fingerprinting for identification of Lactobacillus species [DOI]
- 4 Detection of genes for enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins, and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in Staphylococcus aureus by the polymerase chain reaction [DOI]
- 5 Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Role as Pathogens [DOI]
- 6 Use of Multiplex PCR To Detect Classical and Newly Described Pyrogenic Toxin Genes in Staphylococcal Isolates [DOI]
- 7 Standard Nomenclature for the Superantigens Expressed byStaphylococcus [DOI]
- 8 Development of a PCR Assay for Identification of Staphylococci at Genus and Species Levels [DOI]
- 9 Microbial Quality and Direct PCR Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Nonpathogenic Staphylococci from Artisanal Low-Acid Sausages [DOI]
- 10 Involvement of Enterotoxins G and I in Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome and Staphylococcal Scarlet Fever [DOI]
- 11 A 23S rDNA-Targeted Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based System for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Meat Starter Cultures and Dairy Products [DOI]
- 12 Genetic Variation among Hospital Isolates of Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus : Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of Virulence Genes [DOI]
- 13 Characterization of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis in north-east Switzerland [DOI]
- 14 Enterotoxin production by staphylococci isolated from healthy goats [DOI]
- 15 Microbiological quality of cows’ milk taken at different intervals from the udder to the selling point in Bamako (Mali) [DOI]
- 16 A quantitative study of enterotoxin production by sheep milk staphylococci [DOI]
- 17 Enterotoxin production by coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from goats' milk and cheese [DOI]
- 18 Development of a multiplex PCR for the identification of Staphylococcus genus and four staphylococcal species isolated from food [DOI]
- 19 Low occurrence of safety hazards in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from fermented foodstuffs [DOI]
- 20 Detection of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus isolates in raw milk cheese [DOI]
- 21 Detection of Enterotoxin and Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 Genes in Staphylococcus, with Emphasis on Coagulase‐Negative Staphylococci [DOI]
- 22 Biodiversity and characterization of indigenous coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from raw milk and cheese of North Italy [DOI]
- 23 Comparative Study Using Various Methods for Identification of Staphylococcus Species in Clinical Specimens [DOI]
- 24 Proteomic analysis of exoproteins expressed by enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus strains [DOI]
- 25 Staphylococcus microti sp. nov., isolated from the common vole (Microtus arvalis) [DOI]
- 26 Characterization of Genes Encoding Virulence Determinants and Toxins in Staphylococcus aureus from Bovine Milk in Central Italy [DOI]
- 27 Rapid and economical method for species identification of clinically significant coagulase-negative staphylococci [DOI]
- 28 Use of the polymerase chain reaction for specific detection of type A, D and E enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in foods [DOI]
- 29 Diversity of Staphylococcus Species Strains Based on Partial kat (Catalase) Gene Sequences and Design of a PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Assay for Identification and Differentiation of Coagulase-Positive Species ( S. aureus , S. delphini , S. hyicus , S. intermedius , S. pseudintermedius , and S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans ) [DOI]
- 30 Identification and molecular characterization of mannitol salt positive, coagulase-negative staphylococci from nasal samples of medical personnel and students [DOI]
- 31 Development of a New Oligonucleotide Array To Identify Staphylococcal Strains at Species Level [DOI]
- 32 Identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci from bovine mastitis using RFLP-PCR of the groEL gene [DOI]
- 33 Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw camel milk samples [DOI]
- 34 Evaluation of two commercial systems for identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci to species level [DOI]
- 35 Production of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins and TSST‐1 by Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated From Ruminant Mastitis [DOI]
- 36 Microbiological Quality of Milk from Small Processing Units in Senegal [DOI]
- 37 Comparison of identification systems for Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species [DOI]
- 38 Databases on the Internet
- 39 A simple "universal" DNA extraction procedure using SDS and proteinase K is compatible with direct PCR amplification. [DOI]
Cited by 25
Fetta Mehouel, Chahrazed Belhout, Nedjma Lounes · Archives of Razi Institute · 2025
H. Rasheed, M. Ijaz, Arslan Ahmed · Veterinary research communications · 2024
I. Hafiz, E. M. El Zubeir Ibtisam · Ecological Risk and Security Research · 2024
Christoph Jans, J. Wambui, M. Stevens · Frontiers in Microbiology · 2022
M. Klempt, C. Franz, P. Hammer · Journal of Dairy Science · 2022
K. Osman, Állan da Silva Pires, O. Franco · Microbial Drug Resistance · 2019
Isaac Omwenga, G. Aboge, E. Mitema · Food Control · 2019
Christoph Jans, Axel Merz, S. Johler · Food microbiology · 2017
A. Ogunshe, A. Adeola, V. Adetunji · 2016
Jaqueline Becker Pinto, F. C. P. Rossatto, P. Martins · Annals of Microbiology · 2015
Showing 21 of 25 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.
Related research
- Simulating Biodegradation of Hydrocarbon Pollutants under Slow Nutrient Delivery Conditions — shares topic coverage
- Distribution and Diversity of Indigenous Trichoderma species in Machakos County, Kenya — shares topic coverage
- Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Oak-Pine Forests and Agricultural Land Prevalent in the Kumaon Himalayan Hills, Uttarakhand, India — shares topic coverage
- Screening of Fungi Isolated from the Brazilian Restinga for Insecticidal Activity — shares topic coverage
- Cascade Effect of Climate Warming: Snow Duration - Vole Population Dynamics - Biodiversity — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
120
Page views
0
PDF downloads
49
Outbound clicks
25
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.