Antihyperglycaemic and Antihyperlipidaemic Activities of Aqueous Ethanol Root Extract of Pseudocedrela kotschyi on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidaemic properties of Pseudocedrela kotschyi in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was conducted by first inducing diabetes through intraperitoneal administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg body weight) (bwt). The diabetic rats, 5 per group received graded extract doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) or glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) or 0.5mL acacia solution (2 %w/v) for 15 days. Blood was collected on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 for glucose estimation. In postprandial test, three extract groups (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) and the control were arranged, each comprised of 5 rats. Each animal was administered orally with glucose at a dose of 2g/kg bwt followed by extract administration 30min later. Blood glucose was monitored at 30, 60 and 120 min intervals. In hypoglycaemic study, the extract was administered at doses of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg bwt. Lipid profile was analyzed by modified enzymatic procedure and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) by standard protocol. Results: The diabetic rats treated with the extract/glibenclamide showed weight gain. They also experienced dose (250 and 500 mg/kg bwt) dependent decrease in glycaemia with maximum decrease of 259.1±3.0 (24.9%) and 266.1±2.9 (25.3%) respectively while glibenclamide, 227.0±3.8 (36.0%). The postprandial test showed that the extract induced lower blood glucose level after 60 min. The extract also showed to have good hypoglycaemic activity at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg bwt respectively. The pancreatic tissue analysis from the rats treated with the root extract indicated substantial beta cells survivor. An appreciable decrease in HbA1C level was found in the extract and glibenclamide treated compared to the negative control. In lipid profile study, Pseudocedrela kotschyi extract was observed to have ameliorated dyslipidaemia. Conclusion: The extract showed efficacy in attenuating hyperglycaemia, inducing hypoglycaemia and ameliorating dyslipidaemia.