Advance Techniques in Soil Health and Nutrient Management: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

As a key practice that has developed through scientific and technological advancements, conservation agriculture, precision farming, organic farming, and integrated nutrient management are highlighted. Interdisciplinary collaborations between soil science, agronomy, biotechnology, microbiology, and environmental science are examined, showcasing their collective impact on soil management strategies. Traditional soil management practices, while effective, often lack the integration of interdisciplinary approaches necessary to address contemporary agricultural challenges. The research additionally examines how socio-economic and policy viewpoints support sustainable soil management techniques. Case examples and real-world applications are provided to highlight the useful advantages and results of these cutting-edge techniques. In order to further optimize crop production and soil management, the review highlights present issues and suggests future research avenues. The implementation of integrated nutrient management (INM) strategies, such as adding organic soil amendments in addition to fertilizer, has demonstrated benefits for preserving and restoring soil quality, which in turn reduces overuse of fertilizer in agricultural areas. Thus, the impact of fertilizer and compost on broadacre crop yield and nitrogen usage efficiency (NUE) was contextualized in this review. The results highlight the need for a comprehensive strategy that incorporates environmental, socioeconomic, scientific, and technical aspects in order to create sustainable agricultural systems.