A Review on the Role of Renewable Energy in Mitigating Climate Change through Technological and Policy Solutions

Abstract

Climate change is a demanding global issue, and the transition to renewable energy is crucial in mitigating its effects. Renewable energy (RE) plays an acute part in combating climate change (CC) by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) and encouraging sustainable development (SD). This review scrutinises the role of renewable energy in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and discovers technological and policy solutions to promote its adoption. The study aimed to provide a complete synopsis of the current state of and its potential to address climate change. Highlights the significant potential of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), for instance, solar and wind power (WP), in reducing carbon emissions. Technological advancements, including energy storage and smart grids, have improved the efficiency and reliability of RE systems. Policy solutions, for illustration, tax incentives, feed-in tariffs, and net metering, have also been operative in endorsing the adoption of renewable energy. Also, the study discovers that a combination of technological and policy solutions can help overcome the intermittency and infrastructure challenges accompanying renewable energy. To understand these judgements, it is required to implement integrated strategies that combine technological advancements with robust policy incentives. This includes promoting research and development in renewable technologies, facilitating public-private partnerships, and enhancing regulatory frameworks that support sustainable energy transitions. The study concluded that a multi-faceted approach, incorporating both technological and policy solutions, is essential to unlock the full potential of RE in justifying CC.