Effect of Decryodes edulis (African Black Pear) Aqueous Leaf Extract on Liver Enzyme Markers of Acetaminophen-induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Dacryodes edulis (African Black Pear) on liver enzyme markers associated with acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Method: Qualitative phytochemical screening was done on the aqueous leaves extract of D. edulis and in vivo experiment was carried out afterwards. 20 adult male Wistar rats were used which were randomized into 5 groups of 4 rats each. Group 1 served as the positive control and were fed with rat pellets and water only, Group 2 served as acetaminophen control and were fed with rat pellets and water and then treated with 2 g/kg acetaminophen only, Group 3, 4 and 5 was served 2g/kg acetaminophen and treated with 100mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of stock solution of the plant extract in addition to rat pelleted feed and water ad libitum. The experimental process lasted for 14 days after which blood samples were collected for liver enzyme assay. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparatate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assayed using Randox Kits. Results: Result obtained revealed that aqueous extract of Dacryodes edulis significantly (p<0.05) reduced acetaminophen hepatotoxicity at a dose dependent rate evident by the reduction in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, Urea and creatinine. Conclusion: The result showed the hepatoprotective effect of Dacryodesedulis against toxicity induced by acetaminophen induction in the liver and this is due to the phytochemicals present in the leaf part of Dacryodes edulis. Hence, Dacryodes edulis has hepatoprotective potential against acetaminophen liver damage.