Gene Expressions and Polymorphisms of Novel Biomarkers in Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and of type 2 diabetes is extremely pronounced in Asian countries, particularly in India. In 2015, over 0.9 million deaths in India were attributed to diabetes directly or indirectly and approximately 60-70% suffering from renal diseases. Materials and Methods: This study conducted at School of Medicine, D Y Patil University, Navi Mumbai included 241 type II diabetic patients with diabetic duration 3-5 years, between age 30-70 years. Blood samples were processed for renal parameters and RT-PCR to check the expressions and polymorphisms of IL-6, IL-10, CD 36 and LDLr. Results: Gene analysis of IL10, CD 36 and LDLr showed that IL10, it is expressed and seen mutation at 56 A mutated to T. In CD 36 expressions were seen and amplified region showed mutation at 67 T to C (heterozygous). In LDLr both expressions and mutations of base pairs seen in higher amounts and amplified region showed mutation at 329 C to CC; 350 A to G; 352 A to G; 353 A to G; 355 A to T; 356 G to T; 358 GG to T (deletion of one nucleotide) and 563 G to T. Conclusion: Relationship between T2DM microalbumin and lipid parameters were not decisive and may be superseded by gene expressions and polymorphisms of IL10, CD 36, and LDLr. Early measurement of polymorphisms and expressions may prevent morbidity and mortality after therapeutic intervention and lifestyle modification. Association of cytokines may help in the development of novel biomarkers to identify individuals at risk.