Advances in the Management of Acute Limb Ischemia: A Comprehensive Review of Current Strategies and Techniques

Abstract

Aims: The purpose of this study is to review and summarize the latest management strategies of ALI, including the role of endovascular engineering, reconstructive surgery, and pharmacological therapy. Study Design:  This study is a comprehensive literature review analyzing recent clinical guidelines, empirical studies, and current strategies in the management of Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI). The review focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of endovascular, surgical, and pharmacological interventions. Place and Duration of Study: The review encompasses literature and clinical guidelines published up to 2024, including data from leading cardiovascular and vascular surgery centers internationally, with a focus on practices relevant to hospitals such as dr. Sosodoro Djatikoesomo Hospital and dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital in East Java, Indonesia. Methodology: The methods used were a comprehensive literature review of current clinical guidelines and empirical studies related to the management of ALI. Results: The results show that endovascular therapies such as directed thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are increasingly preferred because they are minimally invasive with a high success rate, while bypass surgery procedures remain important in cases of severe ischemia and failure of endovascular therapy. A multidisciplinary approach and quick treatment are the keys to the success of therapy. Conclusion: In conclusion, ALI management must integrate modern techniques and collaboration between specialists to improve limb rescue rates and reduce serious complications.