Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immunophenotypic Characteristics of B-cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders: A Review

Abstract

Mature B cell neoplasm present a diverse group of disorders characterized by distinct clinical presentations, pathological features, and outcomes. These neoplasms originate from B-Cell lineages, exhibiting clonality along with morphological, immunophenotypic, and genetic characteristics. This review provides a detailed evaluation of global variations, diagnostic challenges, and prognostic significance of B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL). It emphasizes the critical role of immunophenotypic markers, such as CD5, and CD10, and the application of advanced diagnostic technologies like flow cytometry in guiding personalized treatment strategies. The literature search was conducted using key terms like “B cell lymphoproliferative disorders”,” BCLPDs”, “B-NHL” and “Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of B-CLPDs” across multiple databases and google scholar. The review highlights the key findings from worldwide studies, offering insights into how these markers and technologies contribute to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. Additionally, it discusses the implications of aberrant marker expression and bi-clonality, which further complicate diagnosis but hold significant prognostic value. This comprehensive analysis aims to assist clinicians and researches in refining diagnostic criteria and optimizing therapeutic approaches for B-NHL globally.