Women’s Attitudes Predict Household Performance in Indonesia’s At-Risk Family Stunting-reduction Program (KRS): A Cross-sectional Survey in Yogyakarta

Abstract

Aims: To examine whether women’s attitudes, women’s motivation, and women’s role in household practices predict the KRS program performance score among At-Risk Families (Keluarga Berisiko Stunting; KRS) and to identify the most robust predictor in multivariable analysis. Study Design: Quantitative analytical cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia (Sleman District, Bantul District, and Yogyakarta City), during the study period. Methodology: The target population comprised KRS households (sampling frame: 68,219). Using proportional stratified random sampling by administrative area, 200 households were selected. Enumerators administered a structured questionnaire, and responses were consolidated into composite scores for the KRS program performance score (household involvement/adherence to KRS-aligned stunting-prevention activities) and three predictors: women’s attitude, women’s motivation, and women’s role (covering domestic responsibilities including maternal childcare and household management relevant to child nutrition and health). Multiple linear regression with SPSS Backward elimination was applied (F-to-remove probability ≥ 0.100). Assumption checks included residual normality and homoscedasticity using plots, and multicollinearity using tolerance and variance inflation factor (VIF). Results: The primary regression used complete cases (n = 191). In the final model, women’s attitude was the only significant predictor of the KRS program performance score (B = 2.522; standardized β = 0.560; p < 0.001), explaining 31.4% of the variance (R² = 0.314; F = 86.340; p < 0.001). Women’s motivation (p = 0.197) and women’s role (p = 0.421) were removed during backward selection. Multicollinearity was not indicated (VIF 1.675–1.937). Conclusion: In this sample of KRS households in Yogyakarta, women’s attitude was the most significant predictor of household program performance. Stunting-prevention strategies should prioritize attitude-strengthening components that translate endorsement into timely routine actions, while concurrently addressing enabling conditions beyond personal factors.