Why Students Opt for Agriculture as a Discipline: Insights from Rajasthan, India

Abstract

Agriculture plays a vital role in food security, rural livelihoods, and economic development. Understanding why students choose agricultural education is crucial for shaping academic policies and workforce strategies. This study examines the key factors influencing undergraduate students in Rajasthan to pursue agriculture, focusing on career opportunities, financial expectations, self-interest, social influences, and external guidance. Despite the increasing demand for skilled agricultural professionals, research on students' motivations for enrolling in agricultural programs remains limited. Existing studies often overlook specific reasons that attract students to this field. This study addresses this gap by providing empirical insights into students' aspirations and expectations regarding agricultural education. A structured questionnaire survey was conducted in 2025 among 200 final year undergraduate agricultural students across various districts of Rajasthan. A random sampling technique ensured diverse representation. Data were collected on students' backgrounds, motivations, and perceptions of agricultural education. A three-point Likert scale (Agree, Neutral, Disagree) was used to assess responses, and descriptive statistical methods, including percentages, mean scores, and ranking, were applied to analyse the data. Results indicate that better career scope (83.50 per cent), self-interest (79.00 per cent), and the desire to improve farmers' livelihoods (79.00 per cent) are the primary motivators for choosing agriculture. Parental advice (63.50 per cent) and high earnings expectations (59.50 per cent) also play a significant role, while teacher’s guidance (54.00 per cent) and social status (52.00 per cent) have a moderate impact. Coaching’s influence (29.00 per cent) is the least significant factor. To support students, policymakers and educational institutions should enhance career counselling, expand skill development programs, and promote entrepreneurship in agriculture. Strengthening job opportunities, financial support mechanisms, and exposure to modern agricultural practices can encourage more students to pursue agriculture, ensuring a skilled workforce for the sector’s sustainable growth.