WASH in School (WinS): A Mixed-Methods Assessment of Program Implementation in Rural Philippines

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the WASH in Schools (WinS) program at Madatag Elementary School in Kabugao, Apayao, assessing its impact on students' health. The WINS program aligns with DepEd Order No. 10, s. 2016, which provides guidelines for safe water, functional toilets, and hygiene education. It aimed to ensure that students and school personnel have access to clean water, functional sanitation facilities, and hygiene education, creating a safe and healthy learning environment. The researcher used a Mixed-Method with a survey design. The descriptive design gathered detailed information on participants' age, grade level, and academic performance, as well as program implementation. The correlational approach examined the relationship between program implementation and participant profile variables. The mixed-methods approach provided both quantitative data on the program's impact and qualitative data on challenges and strategies.  Most respondents were learners aged 9 to 12, representing a balanced demographic. The findings indicate that the WinS program at Madatag Elementary School is "Partially Implemented," with an overall mean score of 2.12. Hygiene practices received the highest rating (2.67), reflecting successful initiatives in supervised handwashing and hygiene education. However, critical areas such as water supply (1.67) and health and safety (2.00) scored lower, highlighting deficiencies in water quality monitoring and emergency preparedness. Sanitation and community involvement also remained partially implemented, suggesting the need for further improvement in infrastructure maintenance and stakeholder engagement. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the extent of WinS program implementation across age groups (p = 0.034), with younger students reporting higher levels of implementation. No significant differences were found based on sex (p = 0.668) or grade level/plantilla position (p = 0.089), indicating equitable access to WASH facilities and practices across these demographics. The problems encountered in the implementation faces challenges, including inadequate water supply, insufficient hygiene materials, and lack of infrastructure. The WASH in school program's partial implementation and recurring challenges, such as insufficient water supply and limited infrastructure, hinder its success. Younger learners perceive better implementation, but systemic limitations and lack of resources affect overall effectiveness. Targeted investment, stakeholder collaboration, and differentiated strategies for various age groups are necessary to strengthen the program.