Effect of Almond Seed Extract, Grape Seed Extract on Immediate Bonding of Composite to Bleached Surfaces: An In vitro Study

Abstract

Background: Tooth whitening methods like bleaching can change the enamel surface, which may weaken the bond strength of composite materials. To address this issue, several surface treatment techniques have been developed. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the effect of almond seed extract, grape seed extract on the immediate bonding of composite to bleached surfaces. Materials and Methods: Forty-five human maxillary anterior teeth, were divided into 3 groups. Bleaching was done and treated with Group 1- control, no surface treatment is done, Group 2 –grape seed extract (GSE), Group 3 – Almond seed extract (ASE). Composite resin was placed on the labial surface and stored in artificial saliva for 24 hours. Subsequently, shear bond strength (SBS) testing was performed on all specimens. The analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). For post hoc analysis, Bonferroni correction was applied to evaluate multiple comparisons among the study groups with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The results indicated that Group 2 exhibited the highest bond strength among all groups, while Group 1 demonstrated the lowest values. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups. In this study, the immediate bonding of composite resin to bleached enamel without any surface treatment resulted in the lowest bond strength. Many natural ingredients were used as an antioxidant in the field of adhesive dentistry. There has been a significant rise in scientific and commercial interest in plant-derived natural antioxidants in recent years. In this study, almond seed extract was employed as an antioxidant and applied immediately prior to the placement of the composite restoration. This approach demonstrated enhanced bonding performance compared to other experimental groups. Conclusion: The bleaching application of ASE and GSE significantly enhanced the shear bond strength of the composite resin. Among all the antioxidants evaluated, almond seed extract demonstrated the highest efficacy.