Prevention of Amblyopia in Students of Municipal Public Schools in Teresópolis – Brazil

Abstract

Aim: To screen amblyopia in children aged five to nine attending public schools in the city of Teresópolis – Brazil. Place and Duration of Study: Public schools in the city of Teresópolis – Brazil, from May to September 2016. Methodology: This study consisted of a cross-sectional evaluation of 106 children (60 boys, 46 girls; age range 5-9 years), using the Snellen Chart to screen amblyopia. Those with a positive screening were referred to an ophthalmologist for diagnostic confirmation and treatment, which included the provision of free glasses.   Results: Thirty-six children (33.9%) presented positive screenings for amblyopia and were referred for an ophthalmologist. However, only 1/3 of the children with positive screening for amblyopia sought the specialist; in all the 12 cases that were checked by the ophthalmologist, the diagnosis of amblyopia was confirmed and corrective glasses were provided. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of amblyopia found in the children studied, the authors suggest this simple and inexpensive screening test be done regularly in children and emphasize the importance of appropriate referral and treatment for those with positive screening.