Utilization of Organic Substrates for Biogas Production

Abstract

Problem:  The major problems in the present world include global warming and climate change which adversely affect the environment. There is, therefore, a need to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emissions by replacing the fossil fuels with renewable energy resources like biogas. Biogas can be generated from various organic waste products or industrial byproducts and used as a renewable and ecofriendly fuel. Biogas is also used fto provide the energy requirements in rural areas while its byproduct can be used as manure for crop plants as highly rich in nutrients. Indirectly biogas production leads to waste reduction which may be hazardous for the public health. However, there are some obstacles in optimised biogas production. One major problem is limited availability of suitable organic substrates for biogas production. Objective: Hence, there is a need for new proficient substrates which can improve or enhance the progress of the biogas industry all over the world. The performance of the anaerobic digestion processes is highly reliant on the feedstock characteristics as well as on the activity of the microorganisms involved in different degradation steps. Methodology: The information related to various aspects of biogas production was retrieved from the several scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Medline, and AGRICOLA, etc. here we include the data from ninety nine papers to compile this manuscript. Summary: This review presents an overview of the biogas production and discusses different possible organic substrates used for the biogas production which can be informative towards biogas economy.