Unraveling the Interplay of Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Skeletal Muscle: Insights and Interventions for Optimal Muscle Function in the Elderly

Abstract

Purpose: Aging is related to the onset of sarcopenia. Understand how its development occurs by immunological factors by oxidative stress. One of the main effects for a person is the reduction of muscle function. Aerobic and resistance physical exercise can reduce the progression of oxidative stress and, consequently, sarcopenia. Materials and Methods: Systematic review with a sample of six scientific papers published in academic journals. Discussion and Conclusion: Studies show that exercise then induces a prevention response to free radical damage. Furthermore, physical exercise induces effects on the concentration of superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), catalase, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1a), which are important for better skeletal muscle condition. Understanding how the elderly muscle responds to exercise is important, and it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation and the modulation of the proinflammatory cytokines and the antioxidant system in response to the exercise.