Formation of a Mature Biofilm of Enterococcus Faecalis in Root Canal and Its Treatment Using Gold Nanorods
Vivian-María Galdámez-Falla, Juan-Carlos Castillo-Martínez, Idania de Alba-Montero, Nuria Patiño-Marín, Nereyda Niño-Martínez, Facundo Ruiz, Gabriel-Alejandro Martínez-Castañón
Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews · pp. 31–43 · Published 26 Mar 2022
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to develop a mature biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis in roots using two methods: a Modified Drip Flow Reactor (MDFR) and with Static Method. After this, we eliminated the formed biofilm with a gold nanorods solution and a gold nanorods hydrogel applying photothermal therapy. Methodology: Different modifications were done to a commercial Drip Flow Reactor (DFR) to develop a mature biofilm of 5 and 10 days. The biofilm formed with the static method was for a time of 24 and 48 hours. The formed biofilm was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the disinfection process, a gold nanorods (AuNR´s) solution and nanorods hydrogel (Ch-AuNR´s) plus photothermal therapy (PPTT) was tested. Results: At 10 days of inoculation a mature biofilm of E. faecalis was observed with total coverage of the examined surfaces. CFU were counted after the disinfection and a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found in the groups compared with the control group. Conclusion: The proposed MDFR and a static method both can produce a mature biofilm in the root canal. Ch-AuNR´s and the solution with PPTT might be useful for root canal treatment as a coadjutant in treatment; however, it requires more research for it to be used in endodontic therapy.
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